Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025)
March

Articles

The effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions: The moderating role of entrepreneurial passion for founding

Published 2025-03-01

  • Debora Vista Silty Ticoalu
    • ,
  • Sarwono Nursito
    • ,
  • Jeanne Maria Tuerah

Debora Vista Silty Ticoalu
Universitas Negeri Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

Sarwono Nursito
Universitas Widya Dharma Klaten

Jeanne Maria Tuerah
Universitas Negeri Manado

Abstract

Objective: The study aims to explore the moderating role of entrepreneurial passion for founding to unearth the mechanisms that underlie the effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions in the context of student entrepreneurship.

Research Design & Methods: This study employed survey methods involving 200 students from several private and public universities in greater Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. We processed the data with Hayes’ PROCESS Macro version 4.1 via SPSS 26.

Findings: Students’ entrepreneurial passion for founding moderated the positive influence of students’ entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions. The significance of this moderating effect is that it applied only to students with a high entrepreneurial passion for founding.

Implications & Recommendations: In an initiative to rev up students’ entrepreneurship development, it is essential to focus on founding passion due to its vital role in strengthening the relationship between self-efficacy and intention. Thus, the government and higher education institutions must create a supportive ecosystem to encourage students to develop a stronger passion for entrepreneurship.

Contribution & Value Added: This research enriches the literature by providing further insight into the mechanisms that underlie the process of forming students’ entrepreneurial intentions. These findings confirm that students’ passion for founding can strengthen the effect of self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions.

Keywords

student entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial passion for founding, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurial intention

(PDF) Save

Author Biography

Debora Vista Silty Ticoalu

Lecturer at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Her research interests include public economy, institutional economics and entrepreneurship.

Sarwono Nursito

Lecturer and researcher at the Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Psychology, Universitas Widya Dharma, Klaten, Central Java, Indonesia. His research interests include strategic management, entrepreneurship, and organisational development.

Jeanne Maria Tuerah

Lecturer at the Faculty of Mathematics, Natural and Earth Science, Universitas Negeri Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Her research interests include chemistry and entrepreneurship.

References

  1. Al-Mamary, Y.H.S., Abdulrab, M., Alwaheeb, M.A., & Alshammari, N.G.M. (2020). Factors impacting entrepreneurial intentions among university students in Saudi Arabia: Testing an integrated model of TPB and EO. Education + Training, 62(7/8), 779-803. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-04-2020-0096
  2. Anjum, T., Heidler, P., Amoozegar, A., & Anees, R.T. (2021). The Impact of Entrepreneurial Passion on the Entrepreneurial Intention; Moderating Impact of Perception of University Support. Administrative Sciences, 11(2), 45. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci11020045
  3. Ayob, A.H. (2021). Entrepreneurship education, institutions and student entrepreneurship: A cross-country analysis. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 51(5), 745-763. https://doi.org/10. 1080/03057925.2019.1673701
  4. Baluku, M.M., Kikooma, J.F., Otto, K., König, C.J., & Bajwa, N.U.H. (2020). Positive Psychological Attributes and Entrepreneurial Intention and Action: The Moderating Role of Perceived Family Support. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 546745. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.546745
  5. Barba-Sánchez, V., Mitre-Aranda, M., & Brío-González, J.D. (2022). The entrepreneurial intention of university students: An environmental perspective. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 28(2), 100184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2021.100184
  6. Bartlett, J.E., Kotrlik, J.W., & Higgins, C.C. (2001). Organizational Research: Determining Appropriate Sample Size in Survey Research. Information Technology, Learning, and Performance Journal, 19(1), 43-50. Retrieved from https://www.opalco.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Reading-Sample-Size1.pdf on July 1, 2024.
  7. Biraglia, A., & Kadile, V. (2017). The Role of Entrepreneurial Passion and Creativity in Developing Entrepreneurial Intentions: Insights from American Homebrewers: Journal of Small Business Management. Journal of Small Business Management, 55(1), 170-188. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12242
  8. Brändle, L., Berger, E.S.C., Golla, S., & Kuckertz, A. (2018). I am what I am—How nascent entrepreneurs’ social identity affects their entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 9, 17-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2017.12.001
  9. Cardon, M.S., Foo, M., Shepherd, D., & Wiklund, J. (2012). Exploring the Heart: Entrepreneurial Emotion is a Hot Topic. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2011. 00501.x
  10. Cardon, M.S., Gregoire, D.A., Stevens, C.E., & Patel, P.C. (2013). Measuring entrepreneurial passion: Conceptual foundations and scale validation. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(3), 373-396. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.jbusvent.2012.03.003
  11. Cardon, M.S., & Kirk, C.P. (2015). Entrepreneurial Passion as Mediator of the Self–Efficacy to Persistence Relationship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39(5), 1027-1050. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12089
  12. Cardon, M.S., Wincent, J., Singh, J., & Drnovsek, M. (2009). The nature and experience of entrepreneurial passion. Academy of Management Review, 34(3), 511-532. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2009.40633190
  13. Chien-Chi, C., Sun, B., Yang, H., Zheng, M., & Li, B. (2020). Emotional Competence, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, and Entrepreneurial Intention: A Study Based on China College Students’ Social Entrepreneurship Project. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 547627. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.547627
  14. Cooper, D.R., & Schindler, P.S. (2014). Business research methods (12. edition). Irwin/McGraw-Hill.
  15. De Clercq, D., Honig, B., & Martin, B. (2013). The roles of learning orientation and passion for work in the formation of entrepreneurial intention. International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship, 31(6), 652-676. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242611432360
  16. Elnadi, M., & Gheith, M.H. (2021). Entrepreneurial ecosystem, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention in higher education: Evidence from Saudi Arabia. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), 100458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100458
  17. Ertz, M., Karakas, F., & Sarigöllü, E. (2016). Exploring pro-environmental behaviors of consumers: An analysis of contextual factors, attitude, and behaviors. Journal of Business Research, 69(10), 3971–3980. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.06.010
  18. Fuller, B., Liu, Y., Bajaba, S., Marler, L.E., & Pratt, J. (2018). Examining how the personality, self-efficacy, and anticipatory cognitions of potential entrepreneurs shape their entrepreneurial intentions. Personality and Individual Differences, 125, 120-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.01.005
  19. Hayes, A.F. (2018). Partial, conditional, and moderated moderated mediation: Quantification, inference, and interpretation. Communication Monographs, 85(1), 4-40. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2017.1352100
  20. Hill, S., Ionescu-Somers, A., Coduras, A., Guerrero, M., Menipaz, E., Boutaleb, F., Zbierowski, P., Sahasranamam, S., & Shay, J. (2024). GEM 2023/2024 Global Report: 25 Years and Growing (pp. 1-240). Global Entrepreneurship Research Association, London Business School, Regents Park, London NW1 4SA, UK.
  21. Hill, S., Ionescu-Somers, A., Coduras, A., Guerrero, M., Menipaz, E., Boutaleb, F., Zbierowski, P., Schott, T., Sahasranamam, S., & Shay, J. (2023). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2022/2023 Global Report: Adapting to a “New Normal” (pp. 1-253). Global Entrepreneurship Research Association, London Business School, Regents Park, London NW1 4SA, UK.
  22. Hsu, D.K., Burmeister-Lamp, K., Simmons, S.A., Foo, M.-D., Hong, M.C., & Pipes, J.D. (2019). “I know I can, but I don’t fit”: Perceived fit, self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Business Venturing, 34(2), 311-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2018.08.004
  23. Hu, W., Xu, Y., Zhao, F., & Chen, Y. (2022). Entrepreneurial Passion and Entrepreneurial Success—The Role of Psychological Capital and Entrepreneurial Policy Support. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 792066. https:// doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.792066
  24. Jackson, D.L. (2003). Revisiting Sample Size and Number of Parameter Estimates: Some Support for the N:q Hypothesis. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 10(1), 128-141. https://doi.org/ 10.1207/S15328007SEM1001_6
  25. Kalitanyi, V., & Bbenkele, E. (2019). Measuring University Students’ Perceptions About the Role of Self-efficacy on Entrepreneurial Intentions in Cape Town. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, 5(2), 214-232. https://doi.org/10.1177/2393957519863900
  26. Karimi, S. (2020). The role of entrepreneurial passion in the formation of students’ entrepreneurial intentions. Applied Economics, 52(3), 331-344. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2019.1645287
  27. Kiani, A., Liu, J., Ghani, U., & Popelnukha, A. (2020). Impact of Future Time Perspective on Entrepreneurial Career Intention for Individual Sustainable Career Development: The Roles of Learning Orientation and Entrepreneurial Passion. Sustainability, 12(9), 3864. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093864
  28. Kong, F., Zhao, L., & Tsai, C.-H. (2020). The Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Intention and Action: The Effects of Fear of Failure and Role Model. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 229. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg. 2020.00229
  29. Kusumojanto, D.D., Wibowo, A., Kustiandi, J., & Narmaditya, B.S. (2021). Do entrepreneurship education and environment promote students’ entrepreneurial intention? The role of entrepreneurial attitude. Cogent Education, 8(1), 1948660. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2021.1948660
  30. Lam, L.W. (2012). Impact of competitiveness on salespeople’s commitment and performance. Journal of Business Research, 65(9), 1328-1334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.10.026
  31. Lee, Y., Cortes, A.F., & Joo, M. (2021). Entrepreneurship Education and Founding Passion: The Moderating Role of Entrepreneurial Family Background. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 743672. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg. 2021.743672
  32. Li, C., Murad, M., Shahzad, F., Khan, M.A.S., Ashraf, S.F., & Dogbe, C.S.K. (2020). Entrepreneurial Passion to Entrepreneurial Behavior: Role of Entrepreneurial Alertness, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Proactive Personality. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1611. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01611
  33. Liñán, F., & Fayolle, A. (2015). A systematic literature review on entrepreneurial intentions: Citation, thematic analyses, and research agenda. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 11(4), 907-933. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-015-0356-5
  34. Loan, L.T., Doanh, D.C., Thang, H.N., Viet Nga, N.T., Van, P.T., & Hoa, P.T. (2021). Entrepreneurial behaviour: The effects of the fear and anxiety of Covid-19 and business opportunity recognition. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 9(3), 7-23. https://doi.org/10.15678/EBER.2021.090301
  35. Maleki, A., Moghaddam, K., Cloninger, P., & Cullen, J. (2023). A cross-national study of youth entrepreneurship: The effect of family support. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 24(1), 44-57. https://doi.org/10.1177/14657503211054284
  36. McGee, J.E., & Peterson, M. (2019). The Long‐Term Impact of Entrepreneurial Self‐Efficacy and Entrepreneurial Orientation on Venture Performance. Journal of Small Business Management, 57(3), 720-737. https:// doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12324
  37. Memon, M., Soomro, B.A., & Shah, N. (2019). Enablers of entrepreneurial self-efficacy in a developing country. Education + Training, 61(6), 684-699. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-10-2018-0226
  38. Miralles, F., Giones, F., & Gozun, B. (2017). Does direct experience matter? Examining the consequences of current entrepreneurial behavior on entrepreneurial intention. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 13(3), 881-903. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-016-0430-7
  39. Mumi, A., Ciuchta, M.P., & Yang, Y. (2018). Social Media for Entrepreneurial Opportunity and Process: An Effectuation Perspective. Academy of Management Proceedings, 2018(1), 15826. https://doi.org/10.5465/ AMBPP.2018.27
  40. Neneh, B.N. (2020). Entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurial intention: The role of social support and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Studies in Higher Education, 47(3), 587-603. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079. 2020.1770716
  41. Newman, A., Obschonka, M., Schwarz, S., Cohen, M., & Nielsen, I. (2019). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy: A systematic review of the literature on its theoretical foundations, measurement, antecedents, and outcomes, and an agenda for future research. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 110, 403-419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb. 2018.05.012
  42. Ng, L., & Jenkins, A.S. (2018). Motivated but not starting: How fear of failure impacts entrepreneurial intentions. Small Enterprise Research, 25(2), 152-167. https://doi.org/10.1080/13215906.2018.1480412
  43. Nowiński, W., Haddoud, M.Y., Lančarič, D., Egerová, D., & Czeglédi, C. (2019). The impact of entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and gender on entrepreneurial intentions of university students in the Visegrad countries. Studies in Higher Education, 44(2), 361-379. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079. 2017.1365359
  44. Osadolor, V., Agbaeze, E.A., Isichei, E.I., & Olabosinde, T.O. (2021). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention: The mediating role of the need for independence. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 17(4), 91-119. https://doi.org/10.7341/20211744
  45. Rosalina, G., & Satrya, A. (2021). Effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and proactive personality on the entrepreneurial intention of post-migrant workers through attitude toward entrepreneurship. In S. Noviaristanti, Contemporary Research on Business and Management (1st ed., pp. 133-136). CRC Press. https://doi.org/ 10.1201/9781003196013-33
  46. Saeed, S., Yousafzai, S.Y., Yani-De-Soriano, M., & Muffatto, M. (2015). The Role of Perceived University Support in the Formation of Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(4), 1127-1145. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12090
  47. Santos, S.C., & Cardon, M.S. (2019). What’s Love Got to do With It? Team Entrepreneurial Passion and Performance in New Venture Teams. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 43(3), 475-504. https://doi.org/10. 1177/1042258718812185
  48. Santos, S.C., & Liguori, E.W. (2020). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intentions: Outcome expectations as mediator and subjective norms as moderator. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 26(3), 400-415. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-07-2019-0436
  49. Schmutzler, J., Andonova, V., & Diaz-Serrano, L. (2019). How Context Shapes Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy as a Driver of Entrepreneurial Intentions: A Multilevel Approach. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 43(5), 880-920. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258717753142
  50. Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods for Business: A skill-building approach (7. edition). John Wiley & Sons.
  51. Shirokova, G., Osiyevskyy, O., & Bogatyreva, K. (2016). Exploring the intention–behavior link in student entrepreneurship: Moderating effects of individual and environmental characteristics. European Management Journal, 34(4), 386-399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2015.12.007
  52. Sieger, P., Fueglistaller, U., & Zellweger, T. (2016). Student Entrepreneurship 2016: Insights From 50 Countries. St. Gallen/Bern: KMU-HSG/IMU.
  53. Suhartanto, E. (2021). Entrepreneurial Intention, Behaviour and Activities of Indonesian Universities Students—The Indonesia Report of the 2021 GUESSS Project. Universitas Prasetya Mulya, Indonesia (Association of Indonesian Entrepreneurship Educators (PERWIRA).
  54. Tajpour, M., & Razavi, S.M. (2023). The effect of team performance on the internationalization of Digital Startups: The mediating role of entrepreneurship. International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.22034/IJHCUM.2023.01.02
  55. Thompson, E.R. (2009). Individual Entrepreneurial Intent: Construct Clarification and Development of an Internationally Reliable Metric. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 669-694. https://doi.org10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00321.x
  56. Türk, S., Zapkau, F.B., & Schwens, C. (2020). Prior entrepreneurial exposure and the emergence of entrepreneurial passion: The moderating role of learning orientation. Journal of Small Business Management, 58(2), 225-258. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2019.1659678
  57. Vallerand, R.J., Blanchard, C., Mageau, G.A., Koestner, R., Ratelle, C., Léonard, M., Gagné, M., & Marsolais, J. (2003). Les passions de l’âme: On obsessive and harmonious passion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(4), 756-767. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.4.756
  58. Vatavu, S., Dogaru, M., Moldovan, N.-C., & Lobont, O.-R. (2022). The impact of entrepreneurship on economic development through government policies and citizens’ attitudes. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 35(1), 1604-1617. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2021.1985566
  59. Wardana, L.W., Narmaditya, B.S., Wibowo, A., Fitriana, Saraswati, T.T., & Indriani, R. (2021). Drivers of entrepreneurial intention among economics students in Indonesia. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 9(1), 61-74. https://doi.org/10.15678/EBER.2021.090104
  60. Zhao, H., Seibert, S.E., & Hills, G.E. (2005). The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy in the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1265-1272. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1265

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Similar Articles

1-10 of 129

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.